1. Domestic policy: strict restrictions, legal marriage certificate is required
According to China's "Administrative Measures for Human Assisted Reproductive Technology" and related regulations, regular medical institutions must meet the following conditions to carry out third generation of in vitro fertilization (PGT):
·Document requirements: Both husband and wife must provide a marriage certificate, ID card, and birth certificate (maternity service certificate), all three are indispensable.
· Medical indications: Only families with genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, or recurrent miscarriages may apply.
· Operational restrictions: Selecting XY methods is prohibited unless it is for medical purposes. Only public hospitals are allowed to perform such procedures.
United States:
·Documents: Passport, visa and medical certificate are required, and a marriage certificate is not required.
· Documents required: Passport, visa, and medical certificate are necessary. A marriage certificate is not required.
· Process: Single women and same-sex couples are allowed to undergo third-generation IVF procedures through legal institutions. They can also choose the gender of the embryos by themselves.
· Technology: The PGS/PGD technique is widely used to screen for chromosomal and genetic disorders.
·Documents: Passport and visa are required (convenient for visa on arrival), and no marriage certificate is required.
· Documents required: Passport and visa (visa on arrival is convenient). There is no requirement for a marriage certificate.
· Process: Single or unmarried women are allowed to undergo third-generation IVF procedures through private institutions, but they must sign a legal declaration as part of the procedure.
· Technology: The laboratory has a high level of expertise, capable of performing embryo chromosome screening.
·Documents: Passport, medical certificate and accommodation registration are required to allow unmarried women to legally implement test tubes.
· Documents required: Passport, medical certificate, and accommodation registration. Unmarried women are allowed to undergo in vitro fertilization procedures legally.
· Process: All procedures such as embryo stimulation, egg retrieval, and embryo transfer must be carried out within Russian territory. Third-party assistance is prohibited.
·Documents: Marriage certificate and Taiwan entry certificate are required. Unmarried people cannot apply.
· Documents required: A marriage certificate and a Taiwan entry permit are necessary. Those who are unmarried are not eligible to apply.
· Process: Medical regulations are very strict, and third-generation IVF is only available to legally married couples.
·Documents: Passport and medical visa are required, and there are no restrictions on marital status.
· Documents required: Passport and medical visa are necessary. There are no restrictions regarding marital status.
· Process: Single women are allowed to undergo in vitro fertilization procedures at licensed clinics. The costs are relatively low.
To sum up, the three generations of test tubes in China are strictly limited to families within legal marriage and with medical indications, and all three certificates are required; some overseas countries (such as the United States, Thailand, and Russia) allow unmarried or single people to perform through legal procedures, but local documents and medical requirements must be met.
,,;(,,),.Policies vary significantly among countries, and compliance paths need to be chosen based on individual circumstances.