Traditionally, reproductive responsibility is often attributed to women, but World Health Organization (WHO) data show that about 15% of couples worldwide face infertility problems, of which male factors account for 40%-55%(male factors alone 30%-40%, male and female factors 10%-15%).

In the past 45 years, the global male sperm count has plummeted by 62%, and the concentration has dropped by 52%. The fertility crisis needs urgent attention. Preparing for pregnancy is by no means a "one-man show" for women. Male active participation is a key link in eugenics and postnatal care.1. Six core factors of male infertility

1.

Living habits: hidden fertility killers
High temperature exposure: Sitting for more than 2 hours and in a sauna or bath for more than 20 minutes a day can increase the temperature of the testicles by 2 - 3 ° C, resulting in a 40% drop in sperm concentration.
Alcohol and tobacco damage: The sperm DNA fragmentation rate (DFI) of smokers is 64% higher than that of non-smokers, and the sperm malformation rate of alcoholics is 70%.
Diet and toxinsSoy isoflavones (estrogens) in fast food inhibit testosterone synthesis
Phthalates in food packaging interfere with endocrine secretion and are associated with a decline in global sperm counts.

2. Age: Irreversible fertility decline
Sperm quality cliff period: After the age of 35, the sperm DNA fragment rate increases by 2% every yearGenetic risks surge: The risk of autism in offspring born to men over 45 years old increases by 37%, and the rate of chromosomal abnormalities increases fourfold.

3. Hormonal imbalance: "Out of control" of the reproductive system
Disorder of axis: Disorder of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis can reduce testosterone (<300 ng/dL) and directly inhibit spermatogenesis.
Key indicator abnormal Spermatogenic disorder

r Inhibit GnRH secretion Inhibit sexual desire, Uphold barrier4.

Reproductive system diseases: double destruction of structure and function
Infectious inflammationChronic prostatitis causes semen to not liquefy, and sperm survival rate is <30%
Gonorrhoea/Chlamydia infection causes obstruction of the vas deferens (accounting for 15%-20% of infertility).

Structural lesionVaricocele (accounting for 40% of male infertility) increases local temperature of the testis and reduces sperm vitality by 50%
The risk of azoospermia in patients with cryptorchidism is 10 times higher than that in the normal population.

5. Basic diseases and drugs: The game between treatment costs and fertility
Impact of the disease itselfDiabetes causes testicular microvascular lesions and abnormal sperm acrosome reaction
The rate of erectile dysfunction in hypertensive patients exceeds 40%.

Drug genotoxicity Substitute drugs t

SSRIs (such as fluoxetine) Sexual loss t Irreversible azoospermia t Speron empowerment barrier6.

Environmental factors: The fertility trap of modern industrial society
Chemical exposureHeavy metals (lead, mercury) accumulate in the testis and directly destroy the seminiferous epithelium
Pesticides (organophosphorus) reduced sperm concentration by 34%.

Physical factorIonizing radiation (> 1Gy) can cause permanent spermatogenesis arrest
Continuous exposure to noise> 85 decibels increases the sperm malformation rate twice.

2. Scientific Action Guidelines for Pregnancy Preparation: From Life Intervention to Precise Nutrition
1. Three adjustments to lifestyleQuit smoking and limit alcohol: Nicotine increases the rate of sperm malformation by 60%, and the rate of refined DNA fragments by alcohol triples (withdrawal is required 3 months before pregnancy)
Temperature control and radiation protection: Avoid saunas and tights, and sit for no more than 1 hour a day; stay away from ionizing radiation, paint and hair dyesExercise and sleep: brisk walking/swimming 3 - 5 times a week, control BMI at 18.5 - 24; ensure a prime sleep period from 23:00 to 3:00.



2. Nurturing and strengthening the quadruple core t Daily demand Zinc Zinc 2 oysters, Beef meat 100g

t 400 μ g 400 μ g Selenium 2 Basijian fruits, Chicken eggs r

15mg Apricot 30g sunflower seed oil Protect the integrity of sperm cell membrane r3. IVF: The ultimate solution to male infertilityAssisted reproductive technology can break through the fertility dilemma when drug treatment (such as hormone regulation) or surgery (such as spermatic vein ligation) fails

1. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)Applicable population: severe oligospermia (concentration <5 million/ml), asthenospermia (forward moving sperm <10%) or obstructive azoospermia (testicular puncture sperm collection)Technical advantages: Single sperm is directly injected into the egg, and the fertilization rate exceeds 80%

2. Micro-TESE + ICSIBreakthrough point: For non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), searching for a very small number of viable sperm in testicular tissue

Key indicators: Preoperative FSH level <12 IU/L3. Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGT-M)Application scenario: Men carry genetic disease genes (such as hemophilia, thalassemia), screening for healthy embryos for transferNecessity: Avoid vertical transmission of genetic diseases and increase the health rate of offspring to more than 95%.

Key points of technical connectionThose with abnormal semen analysis need to simultaneously detect Y chromosome microdeletions and chromosome karyotypes to rule out genetic defects
When the sperm DNA fragmentation rate (DFI) is> 30%, it is recommended to use testicular puncture to collect sperm (avoid oxidative damage sites) to improve the quality of the embryo.

4. Social synergy: from conceptual innovation to medical support

1. Policy implementation
Top-A hospitals in Beijing, Yantai and other places have implemented a "joint testing" mechanism, and semen routine testing has been listed as a mandatory test for men preparing for pregnancy.Assisted reproductive technology has been included in medical insurance pilots (such as Beijing), and the ICSI cycle subsidy is higher by 18,000 yuan.



2. Reconstructing family rolesTmall International data shows that in 2025, the purchase of nutritional supplements for men to prepare for pregnancy will increase by 40% year-on-year, and 70% of couples will jointly formulate a pregnancy preparation plan
Psychological intervention is incorporated into the diagnosis and treatment process to alleviate the "shame of infertility."

Fertility is a two-way journey of the community of life.When men shift from "passive bystanders" to active participation-quitting alcohol and tobacco, replenishing nutrition, conducting screening, and rationally choosing assisted reproduction programs, they also reshape the ethics of family responsibility in scientific preparation for pregnancy. Break the silence, the right time to act.