Inthe process of assisted reproduction, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is often referred to as the core technology of "three generations of test-tube babies." However, faced with options such as PGT-A (chromosome screening) and PGT-M (single gene disease testing), many families often become confused: Are these tests necessary? How to choose to avoid unnecessary expenses?
The goals of PGT-A and PGT-M are completely different and cannot be confused:
PGT-A: Screening for chromosome quantitativeabnormalities
Just like counting whether the number of books is correct, it mainly detects whether the embryo has one more or one less chromosome (such as trisomy 21, which causes Down syndrome).
,(21).Such abnormalities are an important cause of non-implantation of embryos, early abortion or birth defects, and the risk increases significantly with women's age.
Like the specific erroneous paragraph in the examination book, it accurately detects mutations in the pathogenic gene (such as thalassemia, inherited tumor gene mutations) that have been identified by both couples, with the purpose of blocking the transmission of the genetic disease in the family.
Just like checking specific error paragraphs in the test report, this method involves precise testing of the genetic mutations that cause diseases in both spouses (such as thalassemia, hereditary tumor gene mutations). The goal is to prevent the transmission of these genetic disorders within the family.
Clarifying whether your own situation matches the detection target is the key to avoiding waste of resources.
It is crucial to determine whether one’s own situation matches the criteria for the detection target, in order to avoid wasting resources.
·Elderly women: Age ≥35 years old (especially ≥38 years old), the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo is significantly increased.
·Older women:People aged 35 or older (especially those over 38 years old) have a significantly increased risk of embryonic chromosomal abnormalities.
·There is a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth experiencesHaving experienced multiple unsuccessful transplants (usually ≥2 times), or several spontaneous abortions with unknown causes.
·special circumstancesIf you wish to know the gender of the fetus in advance, or if you choose to use donor eggs or assisted reproduction methods, in order to improve the success rate of transplantation procedures.
·Clearly carriers of genetic diseases: both husband and wife are carriers of the same recessive genetic disease (such as thalassemia, cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs syndrome, etc.), or one party is a patient with a dominant genetic disease.
·Clearly identified as a carrier of genetic diseasesIf both spouses are carriers of the same recessive genetic disorder (such as thalassemia, cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs syndrome, etc.), or if one spouse has a dominant genetic disease, then…
·There is a clear family history of this disease.The pathogenic loci have been identified through genetic testing. It is hoped that this condition can be avoided from being passed on to future generations.
Couples who are young (such as <35 years old), have no history of adverse pregnancy, no known genetic diseases, and have a limited number of embryos have a low overall probability of chromosomal abnormalities in their embryos, and conventional IVF technology has achieved good results.
(<35),,,,,.International authoritative guidelines also point out that PGT is not a mandatory option for such low-risk groups.
Decisionsshould be based on comprehensive medical evaluation rather than blindly following the trend.
Decisions should be based on comprehensive medical evaluations, rather than blindly following trends. Suggestion:
Conduct professional consultation:Under the guidance of a reproductive specialist, formulate an individualized plan based on age, medical history, family history and fetal status.
▶ Consider the cost-benefit ratio:PGT.For high-risk people, a successful transplant may be more economical in the long run; for low-risk people, it may be unnecessary expenses.
▶ Choose a legitimate institution:Ensure that laboratory techniques are mature and operations are carried out in a standardized manner, thereby minimizing the potential risks associated with embryo biopsy.